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بررسی تاثیر توجه تقسیم شده و هیجان بر احتمال پدیدآیی حافظه کاذب در میان افراد مبتلا به اختلالات خلقی مراکز مشاوره شهر کرمان
چکیده
در تحقیق حاضر به بررسی اثر توجه تقسیم شده و هیجان ترس بر احتمال پدیدآیی حافظه کاذب در میان افراد مبتلا به اختلالات خلقی (افسردگی) مراجعه کننده به مراکز مشاوره شادزی شهر کرمان پرداخته شد. مشارکت کنندگان براساس آزمون بک و خط برش 25 انتخاب گردیده و تحت دو آزمایش توجه تقسیم شده و هیجان قرار گرفتند. در آزمایش اول 240 مشارکت کننده تحت شرایط توجه تقسیم شده (توجه متمرکز) و هیجان ترس و (عدم هیجان ترس) فهرستهایی از کلمات متداعی (از نظر معنایی) را دریافت کرده و پس از گذشت یک ساعت از آنان خواسته شد تا آن کلمات را بازخوانی و بازشناسی کنند. در آزمایش دوم نیز 240 مشارکت کننده تحت شرایط توجه تقسیم شده (توجه متمرکز) و هیجان ترس (عدم هیجان ترس) فهرستهایی از تصاویر کلمات متداعی (از نظر معنایی) را دریافت کرده و پس از گذشت یک ساعت تصاویر را بازخوانی و بازشناسی نمودند. نتایج حاکی از آن بود که در هر دو آزمایش، شرایط توجه تقسیم شده و هیجان ترس به افزایش میزان بازخوانی و بازشناسی کاذب کلمات و تصاویر منجر می گردند. همچنین یافتهها نشان داد که مشارکت کنندگان به میزان قابل ملاحظهای کلمات و تصاویر کاذب را به یاد میآورند. نتایج بر حسب نظریات مطروحه در حافظه کاذب مورد بحث قرار گرفت.
واژگان کلیدی:
توجه تقسیم شده، هیجان ترس، حافظه کاذب، اختلالات خلقی، افسردگی
فهرست مطالب
1-5-تعاریف نظری و عملیاتی واژه ها 5
فصل دوم: ادبیات و پیشینه تحقیق.. 8
2-1-4-راهبردهای شناختی مورد استفاده حافظه کوتاه مدت و درازمدت: 17
2-1-5-حافظه آشکار در برابر حافظه ضمنی.. 18
2-1-6-حافظه سازا و حافظه کاری.. 21
2-7-آناتومی حافظه و یادگیری.. 35
2-8-مناطق قشری و زیرقشری مرتبط با یادگیری و یادسپاری اطلاعات حاصل از حواس گوناگون. 38
2-8-1-لب پیشانی و نواحی ارتباطی پیش پیشانی.. 38
2-8-2-لب گیجگاهی و سیستم لیمبیک… 40
2-9-عوامل الکتروفیزیولوژیک و حافظه و یادگیری.. 43
2-10-سیناپسها و حافظه و یادگیری.. 45
2-10-1- تغییرات پیش سیناپسی.. 45
2-10-2- تغییرات پس سیناپسی و نیرودهی بلندمدت… 48
2-11-بیوشیمی حافظه و یادگیری.. 49
2-11-1- RNA و پروتئینها به عنوان مولکولهای حافظه. 50
2-11-2-رابطه انتقال دهندههای عصبی و هورمونها با حافظه و یادگیری.. 51
2-12-نوروسایکولوژی مهمترین اختلالات حافظه و یادگیری.. 53
2-12-2- نشانگان ورنیکه – کورساکف… 54
2-13-نوروسایکولوژی حافظه کاذب… 56
2-13-1-اختلال فرایندهای ویرایشی.. 57
2-13-3-داستان سرایی در اسکیزوفرنی.. 58
2-15-نظریههای مطروحه در حافظه کاذب… 59
2-18-1-حافظه هماهنگ با خلق.. 67
2-18-2-حافظه وابسته به خلق.. 67
2-19-1-سوگیری حافظه در افسردگی.. 69
2-20-بررسی انتقادی دو رویکرد. 75
2-21-اثر تلقین و سوء اطلاعات بر حافظه. 78
2-23-بررسی تحقیقات انجام شده در داخل و خارج کشور پیرامون موضوع تحقیق.. 83
2-23-1-تحقیقات انجام شده در داخل کشور. 83
2-23-2-تحقیقات انجام شده در خارج کشور. 84
3-5- جامعه آماری مورد مطالعه. 93
3-7- ابزار جمع آوری اطلاعات… 93
3-8-1- شیوه اجرا در آزمایش اول. 95
3-8-2- شیوه اجرا در آزمایش دوم. 97
فصل چهارم : تجزیه و تحلیل دادهها 100
4-1-2- نتایج حاصل از آزمایش اول. 105
فصل پنجم : نتیجه گیری و پیشنهادات… 113
5-1- یافته های کلی تحقیق.. 114
5-4- پیشنهادات بر اساس یافته های پژوهش… 124
5-5- پیشنهادات برای پژوهشهای بعدی.. 125
فهرست اشکال
شکل 2-2: حلقه تولید صدا و برگه پیشنویس تیمهای فضایی.. 22
شکل 3-1-فرآيند انجام تحقيق.. 89
شکل 4-1- مقایسه نسبت بازخوانی کاذب و صحیح در شرایط چهارگانه آزمایش (1) 103
شکل 4-2- مقایسه نسبت بازشناسی کاذب و صحیح در شرایط چهارگانه آزمایش (1) 105
شکل 4-3- مقایسه نسبت بازخوانی کاذب و صحیح در شرایط چهارگانه آزمایش (2) 109
شکل 4-4- مقایسه نسبت بازشناسی کاذب و صحیح در شرایط چهارگانه آزمایش (2) 111
فهرست جداول
جدول 3-1- لیست بازخوانی و بازشناسی کاذب کلمات حساس ارائه نشده 92
جدول 3-2- نسبت بازخوانی و بازشناسی کاذب تصاویر حساس ارائه نشده 92
جدول 4-3- تحلیل واریانس بازخوانی کاذب در گروههای چهارگانه آزمایش (1) 102
جدول 4-5- تحلیل واریانس بازشناسی صحیح در شرایط چهارگانه آزمایش (1) 104
جدول 4-7- تحلیل واریانس بازشناسی کاذب در گروههای چهارگانه آزمایش (1) 104
جدول 4-10- داده های تحلیل واریانس بازخوانی کاذب در شرایط چهارگانه آزمایش (2) 108
جدول 4-12- داده های تحلیل واریانس بازشناسی صحیح در شرایط چهارگانه آزمایش (2) 110
جدول 4-14- داده های تحلیل واریانس بازشناسی کاذب در شرایط چهارگانه آزمایش (2) 110
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محصولات مشابه
فرمت فایل | word, pdf |
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رشته | روانشناسی عمومی |
تعداد صفحات | 164 |
سال | 1395 |